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 The Java War and the start of the culture system
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The Java War had exhausted the Dutch finances even more. However the power of the traditional elite was finally broken, the colonial state wasn't doing too good as well. The state dept of 20 million guilders that Van der Capellen had left behind in 1820 was doubled. Symbolic for the situation was the health of commissioner-general Du Bus de Gisignies, sent to the in 1825 East by King Willem I to reorganize the debts. This 145 kilogram heavy West-Fleming wasn't the most fit appearance to arrive in Batavia, but he didn't expect to be followed by illnesses during his entire stay in the East as well. Eventually he would return to the Netherlands in 1830, without 60 kilograms of body weight he took there. He didn't really solve the problems as well.

Du Bus de Gisignies did look for solutions. Directly after his arrival in the Indies he had cut government spending. The Department of Public Works and the residences of Banjoewangi, Krawang, Buitenzorg and Grissee were abolished, the salaries of the remaining servants were lowered dramatically and the maintenance of roads was halted for five years. A structural solution he had tried to fine in stimulation European private investments in agriculture. In connection with this he had turned back Van der Capellen's actions concerning estate interest entirely by May 1827. Du Bus de Gisignies didn't see much in the possibility to let the population cultivate more tropical export products. The Javanese farmer didn't have enough knowledge and money for this. "On Java everything is agricultural, everyone is agriculture on a small scale, just enough for their own needs," is was Du Bus de Gisignies noted.

However the exports had to grow, to make the Indies an interesting market for the Dutch industry. In the eyes of Du Bus de Gisignies, clearing the rough terrains by European firms was more important than renting those estates and the labor coming with it. In the latest system, the Javanese community was not touched and they used the close relations of the population. For preparing those areas and working on them afterwards, Javanese had to work in a firm. This would stimulate the production of tropical export products like sugar, coffee and indigo, as Du Bus de Gisignies was hoping. The purchasing power of the Javanese would increase and they were also able to buy more products from the Netherlands as well.

King Willem I proposed the actions of Du Bus de Gisignies to Johannes van den Bosch, a former officer in the Dutch colonial army, which had made fame with the reorganization of the rule over the Dutch colonies in the West Indies and in the Netherlands with the foundation of the 'Society of Wealth', a foundation which had to take care that no one will be poor. In 1818 He had written down much about Nederlandsche bezittingen in Azia, Amerika en Afrika, in dezelver toestand en aangelegenheid voor dit Rijk, wijsgerig, staathuishoudkundig en geographis beschouwd. He wrote - against the spirit of time - that he agreed on the way the colonial government should function, and had to adapt on the existing structure of the local society. It just was "a very unknowingly and unemployed population which hardly knew any morals and had just started to learn certain important things."

Starting from this thought, Van den Bosch seemed pessimistic about the possibilities to enlighten the Javanese. Men and women which lived in tropical areas, were naturally born slower and indolent. This was just a "common and inadaptable feature, which doesn't want to be forced out by increasing joy." The VOC was very right about the fact that they supported on the Javanese leaders and maintaining to the forced cultivation, which brought in a lot of tropical products against a low price.

Outside this Van den Bosch declared in 1812, that he didn't want to rule out the proposed system of cultivation by Du Bus de Gisignies on forehand. This was a kind of shallow advice, which was proved when King Willem I asked him whether he didn't want to lead such an experiment as a governor-general. In the first place Van den Bosch rejected: which honor was to get from a colony with a debt of almost 40 million guilders? Eventually he would agree with the appointment to governor-general under the pressure of King Willem I, after which he studied even more on the plans of Du Bus de Gisignies.

On this, Van den Bosch suddenly seemed to be opposed to the ideas of the West-Flemish commissioner-general. Private agricultural institutions in the Indies would never be able to compete with the West-Indian plantations, which were closer to Europe and which could use slaves - the good physical power of the niggers. The production of sugar was a good example: while the Dutch-Indies sugar firms were hardly able to survive, those in the West-Indies flourished. Furthermore Du Bus de Gisignies could only see profit in the long run: it would take years before enough grounds were made ready for the cultivation systems.

This while the Dutch Indies needed money right away to pay back the high state debt. Van den Bosch proposed to return to, as he called it, 'the old system of the former Compagnie of forced cultivation.' The colonial state had to become a trader besides the planter as well. King Willem I was soon convinced by the words of high profit soon and gave the orders to the new governor-general to take all actions needed to stimulate the production of products for the European market.
    
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